Cystic Fibrosis

The site where I recieved my information is of following

http://www.cff.org/AboutCF/

1. What are the signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis?

The symptoms of Cystic fibrosis are salty-tasting skin, persistent coughing, frequent lung infections, shortness of breath or wheezing, poor growth, weight gain, and/or bulky stools.

2. How common is this disorder?
In about 1,000 cases of Cystic fibrosis are diagnosed every year. More than 45% of the Cystic fibrosis patient population is age 18 and up. Over 70% of patients diagnosed are by the age of two. The median age of a survival for a person that has CF is in the late 30’s.

3. How is cystic fibrosis diagnosed?
Cystic fibrosis is diagnosed by the clogging of the lungs that leads to life-threatening lung infections. Also obstruction to the pancreas that stops natural enzymes from breaking down or absorbing food in the body.

4. How is cystic fibrosis inherited? Does everyone who has a mutant gene for the protein have cystic fibrosis?
Cystic fibrosis is an inherited chronic disease affecting the lungs and digestive system of 30,000 children and adults in the U.S. (70,000 worldwide) 10 million Americans are carriers of the defective gene that show no symptoms the having CF. The product of the defective gene and the product cause the body to produce think sticky mucus.

http://resources.schoolscience.co.uk/MRC/3/page3.html

1. Explain the normal function of the protein that is defective in cystic fibrosis.
The CF transmembrane regulator ( CFTR) protein makes the chloride channel. This proteins normal function controls the flow of chloride ions from the cell.
2. What happens to this protein in CF patients and what are the consequences for the health of these individuals?                    
A person with CF has the cital chloride channel blocked. There is no movement of chloride ions into the mucus and the mucus starts to dry out.  

For the questions below this is the link to where I received all of my information.

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/cystic-fibrosis/DS00287

1. Explain at least 3 treatments for the symptoms of cystic fibrosis.
Three treatments for CF are Antibiotics, Mucus-thinning drugs, and therapy.
The Antibiotics are the drugs that help prevent lungs infections. These can be swalloed in pill form, inhaled in mist or delivered intravenously. Mucus-thinning drugs reduce the stickiness of the mucus to it makes coughing it up easier, helping the lung function properly.Therapy helps physically remove the think mucus from the lungs. By clapping on the back and front chest with cupped hands also helps get it out.

2. Discuss at least 3 ways for parents to help their children who have cystic fibrosis.
Parents that have children with cystic fibrosis should have their child exercise, drink lots of fluids, and keep immunizations up to date.
Exercise helps loosen mucus that is in the airways and heps strengthen the heart and lungs. Anything that gets the child moving would help loosen up that mucus.
Keeping immunizations up to date such as the influenza vaccines helps because although CF doesn’t affect the immune system the child still is more likely to develope complications when becoming sick.

Osmosis experiment(:

At first me, Josh, and Sam had to come up with a lab experiment that shows osmosis. The supplies given to us where cups, baggies, and a scale that measured weight in grams. We all came to a conclusion of how we were gonna conduct this experiment. First we gathered all of our experiment materials and placed them in our lab area. The experiment had to be controlled, so we filled our 3 cups with 5 oz. of water and selected our three baggies to put our substances into. Opening the top of the baggy I tied the bottom of the bag with about 5 inches of string so that our inside substances wouldn't come out the bottom. After all 3 baggies were tied we filled each with water, but not too much water to where we couldn't add anything into it. Now it was time to add our substances into the bags of water. 3 different types of products we were gonna test. Equate Antacids, Cheerios, and Light Corn Syrup we chosen to use. Crushing the 3 antacids, I had to make sure that the pieces were small enough to fit and cause osmosis. When it was finally crushed, Sam held open the bag and I poured the entire substance into the  baggy. Finally, I tied the top of the bag and we set it aside. We followed the same steps with the cheerios. From crushing up 4 cheerios, to adding it into the water and tying the top. This time if the corn syrup we just had to pour some corn syrup into the baggie. After tying that last baggy, we grabbed all baggies with the substances in it, and weighed each separately. The baggy with the antacid results showed 12.88 grams. The baggy with the cheerios weighed 10.78. Next we weighed the baggy with the corn syrup showing 5.86. After all three were weighed we dropped them into the 3 seperate cups we started with. Our times to  analyze our data was in 1 hour and a day later. An hour later I came in and took out the 3 baggies and dried them all. Once they were dried I took each and placed it on the scale one at a time and recorded its grams. Antacids pulled in 1.11 oz and now weighing 13. 99 oz. Cheerios pulled in .97 oz now weighing 11. 71 oz. Corn syrup gained .73 oz now weighing. The following day we then measured their weight once more. Antacids started with 12. 88 then an hour later weighed 13.99 and a day later weighed 13.55. Cheerios started with 10.78 then 11.71 and ended with 11.59. Corn syrup started with 5.86 then an hour later weighed 6.59 and ended with 5.95. My results showed that with their starting weighted osmosis allowed water in the hour before I collected my results. A day later osmosis occurred when letting water out because each weighed less than the hour later analysis.  

Osmosis 

By definition, osmosis is the tendency of a fluid, usually water to pass through asemipremeable membrane into a solution where the solvent concentration in higher, thus equalizing the concentrations of materials on either side of the membrane. In our lab osmosis occurred because water passed through the baggy from the outside inside of the baggy. Where the concentration is higher the water goes into.  Connceting this to my lab, the water passed into the baggy because the concentration was higher and making it weigh more than it did before.